Global identification and analysis of long non-coding RNAs in diploid strawberry Fragaria vesca during flower and fruit development

Length distribution of small RNAs derived from lncRNAs. Figure S2. Characterization of strawberry lncRNAs. Figure S3. Heatmaps showing tissue-specific expression patterns of lncRNAs. Figure S4. Expression correlations between lncRNAs and the adjacent PC genes. Figure S5. Negative correlations of lncRNA expression with PC genes across the genome. (PDF 12315 kb

Multiple depots vehicle routing based on the ant colony with the genetic algorithm

Purpose: the distribution routing plans of multi-depots vehicle scheduling problem will increase exponentially along with the adding of customers. So, it becomes an important studying trend to solve the vehicle scheduling problem with heuristic algorithm. On the basis of building the model of multi-depots vehicle scheduling problem, in order to improve the efficiency of the multiple depots vehicle routing, the paper puts forward a fusion algorithm on multiple depots vehicle routing based on the ant colony algorithm with genetic algorithm. Design/methodology/approach: to achieve this objective, the genetic algorithm optimizes the parameters of the ant colony algorithm. The fusion algorithm on multiple depots vehicle based on the ant colony algorithm with genetic algorithm is proposed. Findings: simulation experiment indicates that the result of the fusion algorithm is more excellent than the other algorithm, and the improved algorithm has better convergence effective and global ability. Research limitations/implications: in this research, there are some assumption that might affect the accuracy of the model such as the pheromone volatile factor, heuristic factor in each period, and the selected multiple depots. These assumptions can be relaxed in future work. Originality/value: In this research, a new method for the multiple depots vehicle routing is proposed. The fusion algorithm eliminate the influence of the selected parameter by optimizing the heuristic factor, evaporation factor, initial pheromone distribute, and have the strong global searching ability. The Ant Colony algorithm imports cross operator and mutation operator for operating the first best solution and the second best solution in every iteration, and reserves the best solution. The cross and mutation operator extend the solution space and improve the convergence effective and the global ability. This research shows that considering both the ant colony and genetic algorithm together can improve the efficiency multiple depots vehicle routing.Peer Reviewe

The Diesel Soot Particles Fractal Growth Model and Its Agglomeration Control

Based on the fractal growth physical model of soot particles from large diesel agriculture machinery, this chapter simulates the morphological structure of collision for the single particles and single particles, single particle and clusters, clusters and clusters, firstly. Moreover, combining with the collision frequency, the fractal growth is controlled to agglomeration using the main environmental factors interference for diesel engine soot particles, in order to make them condensed into regular geometry or larger density particles, reduce the viscous drag for capturing by the capturer or settlement and to realize the control of the pollution of the environment. The results of numerical simulation show that the proposed method is feasible and effective, which will help to understand and analyze the physical mechanism and kinetics of non-equilibrium condensation growth behavior of the actual carbon smoke particles and provide the solution to further reduce emissions of the inhalable particulate matter from diesel engines

Applications of Functionalized Fullerenes in Tumor Theranostics

Functionalized fullerenes with specific physicochemical properties have been developed for cancer diagnosis and therapy. Notably, metallofullerene is a new class of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast-enhancing agent, and may have promising applications for clinical diagnosis. Polyhydroxylated and carboxyl fullerenes have been applied to photoacoustic imaging. Moreover, in recent years, functionalized fullerenes have shown potential in tumor therapies, such as photodynamic therapy, photothermal treatment, radiotherapy and chemotherapeutics. Their antitumor effects may be associated with the modulation of oxidative stress, anti-angiogenesis, and immunostimulatory activity. While various types of novel nanoparticle agents have been exploited in tumor theranostics, their distribution, metabolism and toxicity in organisms have also been a source of concern among researchers. The present review summarizes the potential of fullerenes as tumor theranostics agents and their possible underlying mechanisms are discussed

Fabrication and Characterization of Composite Containing HCl-Doped Polyaniline and Fe Nanoparticles

HCl-doped polyaniline powder (HCl-PANI) was synthesized by using a polymerization procedure. Fe nanoparticles were then deposited on the HCl-PANI at room temperature by direct current magnetron sputtering. After this process the HCl-PANI-Fe composite was obtained. Fe nanoparticle size in the composite is about 100 nm. HCl-PANI structure is not influenced by the Fe nanoparticles. The composite pellet has room temperature ferromagnetism and a conductivity of 0.25 S/cm. Temperature dependence of the conductivity reveals that a carrier transport mechanism in the composite is three-dimensional variable range hopping. Thermogravimetric analysis reveals that a weight loss of the HCl-PANI-Fe composite is smaller than that of the HCl-PANI for the same heating temperature when the temperature exceeds 230°C

Second Triangular Hermite Spline Curves and Its Application

Abstract: A class of rational square trigonometric spline is presented, which shares the same properties of normal cubic Hermite interpolation spline. The given spline can more approximate the interpolated curve than the ordinary polynomial cubic spline.Key words: Hermite spline curve; C2 continuous; Faultage area; Precisio

Chlorine Dioxide-Iodide-Methyl Acetoacetate Oscillation Reaction Investigated by UV-Vis and Online FTIR Spectrophotometric Method

In order to study the chemical oscillatory behavior and mechanism of a new chlorine dioxide-iodide ion-methyl acetoacetate reaction system, a series of experiments were done by using UV-Vis and online FTIR spectrophotometric method. The initial concentrations of methyl acetoacetate, chlorine dioxide, potassium iodide, and sulfuric acid and the pH value have great influence on the oscillation observed at wavelength of 289 nm. There is a preoscillatory or induction period, and the amplitude and the number of oscillations are associated with the initial concentration of reactants. The equations for the triiodide ion reaction rate changing with reaction time and the initial concentrations in the oscillation stage were obtained. Oscillation reaction can be accelerated by increasing temperature. The apparent activation energies in terms of the induction period and the oscillation period were 26.02 KJ/mol and 17.65 KJ/mol, respectively. The intermediates were detected by the online FTIR analysis. Based upon the experimental data in this work and in the literature, a plausible reaction mechanism was proposed for the oscillation reaction